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TIME: Almanac 1993
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1992-09-23
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NATION, Page 79Back to the Party of Lincoln?
Bush makes a determined effort to reach out to blacks
The most prominent black in the George Bush campaign was
Willie Horton, the Massachusetts killer who raped a woman after
he escaped from prison on a weekend furlough. The Bush camp
relentlessly invoked Horton to portray Michael Dukakis as soft
on crime -- but maybe also to make a not so subtle pitch to
racial fears. In recent weeks, however, Bush has adroitly been
mending fences. He moved quickly to meet with Jesse Jackson,
Coretta Scott King and N.A.A.C.P. leader Benjamin Hooks. Jim
Pinkerton, the director of policy development for the Bush
transition team, promises, "The President-elect has a personal
commitment to a new day in civil rights."
Bush moved in that direction last week when he named
Congressman Jack Kemp to be Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development. Kemp has long sought to bring minorities into the
G.O.P. by promoting economic opportunity in inner cities. But an
unforeseen flap over abortion almost sabotaged Bush's most
important gesture to blacks: the appointment of Dr. Louis W.
Sullivan to be Secretary of Health and Human Services and the
first black member of the new Cabinet.
The president of Morehouse School of Medicine in Atlanta,
Sullivan, 55, is a friend of George and Barbara Bush's. His
appointment seemed assured until he told the Sunday Atlanta
Journal and Constitution that he supported a woman's right to
have an abortion, though he opposed federal funding for the
procedure. Right-to-life activists were outraged. In a letter to
the Atlanta newspaper, Sullivan sought to clarify -- or reverse
-- his statements. "I am opposed to abortion," he wrote, "except
in cases of rape, incest, and where the life of the mother is
threatened." Yet in a second interview Sullivan compounded the
problem by indicating that he would support Bush's antiabortion
position at work but privately harbored a different view.
On Tuesday a press conference that was expected to feature
the announcement of Sullivan's appointment was hastily canceled.
Sullivan was summoned to Washington to meet with pro-life
activists and congressional foes of abortion, including Utah
Senator Orrin Hatch and Congressman Vin Weber of Minnesota.
During three hours of cordial but intense questioning, Sullivan
insisted that he was solidly in their camp, at one point even
calling abortion "murder."
Though Hatch and Weber said they were satisfied, militant
pro-lifers remain opposed to the nomination. Nevertheless, it
came on Thursday, when Bush announced Sullivan's appointment,
along with that of New Mexico Congressman Manuel Lujan as
Secretary of the Interior; Samuel K. Skinner, a former U.S.
Attorney from Illinois, to be Secretary of Transportation; and
former Congressman Ed Derwinski of Illinois to head the new
Department of Veterans Affairs. Two days later, Bush added a
woman to his Cabinet when he named Elizabeth Dole, who was
Secretary of Transportation under Ronald Reagan and is the wife
of Senate Minority Leader Bob Dole, to be Secretary of Labor.
Bush aides wanted nothing to stand in the way of Sullivan's
nomination. Just 12% of the nation's black voters pulled the
lever for George Bush last November. Wooing blacks "has been
very tough and, frankly, near impossible," admits Lee Atwater,
the new chairman of the Republican National Committee. But
Atwater thinks the G.O.P. has an opportunity to make inroads,
especially among younger or more affluent blacks. If the
Republicans skim just 10% to 20% of that vote from Democrats, it
could be enough to make the difference in close contests,
particularly in the South, where black voters gave Democrats
the edge in four Senate races in 1986.
One element of the Bush strategy has been to offer
Administration titles to black staffers on Capitol Hill, who
complain that they are being ignored by Democrats now making up
job lists. One example: Maine's George Mitchell, the new Senate
majority leader, has no blacks in policymaking positions on his
staff and has not appointed any to the Democratic Policy
Committee. Meanwhile, Connie Newman, co-director of the Bush
effort to bring minorities into the Administration, each day
sifts through 75 to 100 resumes from black candidates. "It's
time for blacks to question their blind commitment to the
Democratic Party," she says.
But filling jobs with black candidates is one thing.
Formulating policies to meet the black agenda -- on civil rights
enforcement, low-income housing and combating drugs -- is
something else. "The gestures of kindness are a plus," said
Jesse Jackson last week. "But they are not a substitute for the
remedies that must take place to offset the neglect of the
Reagan era." The face of Willie Horton may be fading from
public memory, but it remains to be seen whether the next
Administration can show a new face to American blacks.